John Chowning Gresham

John Chowning Gresham was an officer in the United States Army who served during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is best known for his actions during the Indian Wars, specifically at the Wounded Knee Massacre on December 29, 1890, while serving as a first lieutenant with the 7th U.S. Cavalry.

Gresham's performance during the engagement at Wounded Knee Creek, South Dakota, led to him being cited for conspicuous gallantry in action. For his bravery during the battle, where he voluntarily led a party into a ravine to dislodge hidden Sioux warriors, he was later awarded the nation's highest military decoration.

He continued his military service in the U.S. Army, eventually reaching the rank of colonel before his retirement. His legacy remains tied to the complex history of the American frontier Indian campaigns.